Furthermore, moving some of these tasks could result in depot work packages of up to , man-days, or more than twice what the public shipyards could accomplish in six months.
Longer cycles with larger work packages would also cause wide fluctuations in workload, making it difficult to efficiently manage the depot workforce and possibly leading to higher costs. Stretching work beyond the notional 6-month depot maintenance period could help level shipyard workload over time and increase the time available to accomplish required maintenance. It would also, however, reduce the time a ship is deployed or deployable and require more time for training and certification of crews after ship maintenance.
Shorter cycles can also help level workload at the shipyards. Longer, two-deployment cycles will increase forward presence while sustaining higher levels of readiness for longer periods of time only if the workload management challenges they raise are addressed.
As noted, the Navy needs to perform engineering studies to examine the impact of increased maintenance demands in two-deployment cycles. Table 1 summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each notional cycle mentioned above over the current month cycle. The Navy has recently adjusted personnel tempo policies to better provide carriers where and when needed. Current plans to meet demands for aircraft carrier presence include extending deployment lengths, reducing turnaround times, and, in some cases, including two deployments per cycle.
Our analysis offers options for increasing carrier forward presence while keeping previous personnel tempo policies intact. Roland J. Kallimani , et al. RAND research briefs present policy-oriented summaries of individual published, peer-reviewed documents or of a body of published work.
Permission is given to duplicate this electronic document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Copies may not be duplicated for commercial purposes. The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis.
RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Research Brief Abstract This research explores the impact of varying maintenance cycles on the ability of aircraft carriers to meet the U.
Related Products. Kallimani, John F. In the Ford class, the lead ship, Gerald R. Ford, was commissioned in July At least four more ships are planned in the class: the John F. Kennedy, set for commissioning in ; the Enterprise; the Doris Miller; and another carrier, yet to be named.
The new aircraft carriers are set to replace ships in the Nimitz class as they retire; the Navy plans to have a total of 12 carriers in service in , when it hopes to achieve its fleet of The Navy's amphibious ships, sometimes called miniature carriers, are used to deploy Marines and sailors forward around the world for training, combat and humanitarian missions.
The classes of amphibious ships include the following:. These ships have been in commission since and are capable of transporting a full 2,strong Marine Expeditionary Unit, with fighter jets, helicopters and combat vehicles. The ships are feet in length and can carry up to three dozen aircraft on the flight deck in a mix of fixed-wing and rotorcraft platforms.
They also feature a well deck from which amphibious craft and connectors can land and launch. Only one of the original eight ships of the class is out of service: the Bonhomme Richard, which was severely damaged in a catastrophic fire in July and is designated for decommissioning in The first of this newest class of amphib was commissioned in The America class features more flight deck space for aircraft, but does not have a well deck like the other amphibious assault ships.
This class of ships has been in commission since Smaller than amphibious assault ships, amphibious transport docks feature a short flight deck at the back with room for two V Ospreys to launch or land. They're designed to be highly networked and adaptable to emerging platforms and military operations.
With a length of feet, the ships carry a crew of nearly sailors and can support a Marine landing force of nearly To date, 11 ships have been built in the class. The Whidbey Island class has been in service since , and features a small flight deck for Ospreys or helicopters and a large well deck for amphibious landing craft and connectors. The ships can hold a crew of more than and an embarked complement of up to Marines. All eight ships in the class are still active. This small class of amphibious ship has been in service since and is designed to maximize cargo space.
They feature a well deck that can fit two LCACs and a deck at the back for helicopter launches and landings. The four ships in the class went through a modernization period completed in There are four active classes of Navy surface combatants. A fifth class, the Constellation-class Frigate FFG will be under construction starting in and is set to enter service in Australia, Spain, and Canada have three each; Argentina , Brazil , and India have had two each, and Russia has one decommissioned ship.
In , there are a total of 9 aircraft carriers under construction. Two of these are for the United States. The remaining nations that are constructing one aircraft carrier each are:. There are also a total of 47 aircraft carriers that were never completed. The United States and the United Kingdom both have 12 aircraft carriers that were never completed. Aircraft Carriers By Country
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